Naturally the second reason is far more important than the first. But either way, you might very well be driven to keep your machine on the exact time. To that end you can either constantly monitor the time on your machine (manually changing it when necessary) or you can set up NTP to handle your time corrections for you.

Installing and configuring NTP is actually quite easy. It will, however, require the use of the command line. With that in mind, lets’ get busy.

Installing

You could open up your Add/Remove Software utility, do a search for “ntp” (no quotes) and install the matching results. Or you can open up a terminal window and install ntp with one of the following commands (remember, you will need either root access or sudo):

• apt-get install ntp
• yum install ntp
  
• urpmi ntp

One of the above commands will install the ntp daemon and the configuration file /etc/ntp.conf.

Before you fire up the daemon you will need to take a look at the /etc/ntp.conf to make sure you have the ntp servers you want to use configured.

Configuring

Most likely your NTP installation will already have a configuration file that is ready to go. My Debian-based NTP install had such a .conf file. All I had to do was start the daemon. But you might have special needs or your install might not have been as complete.

The section of the ntp.conf that you will want to take a look at is the server section. Each line in this section is set up like so:

server IP_ADDRESS OPTION(S)

Where IP_ADDRESS is the actual address of the server you want to use and OPTION(S) is/are the option(s) you want to use.

There are two options that you might want to use for every server. These are:

iburst: This option is used when the configured server is unreachable. When your machine can not contact its NTP server it will send out bursts of eight packets (instead of just one).

dynamic: This option allows a server to be configured even if the server is not reachable during configuration. This option assumes that at some point the server will be reachable.

If you look at my /etc/ntp.conf file you will see the following in the server section:

server 0.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst dynamic
server 1.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst dynamic
server 2.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst dynamic
server 3.debian.pool.ntp.org iburst dynamic

If you are not sure what servers to use visit the official NTP organization NTP.org to find a list of trusted servers.

Starting the Daemon

Once you have everything up and running go back to the root terminal and issue the command:

/etc/init.d/ntp start

or

/etc/rc.d/init.d/ntp start

which will start the ntp daemon. NTP will now slowly start to adjust the time on your server. But don’t worry, it makes the adjustment slowly. First the daemon waits for at least ten packets of information before trusting a source.

Now test to make sure your installation is working by issuing the following command:

ntpq -p

which should give you a listing like:
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter =========================================================
+point2.adamants 64.202.112.75 2 u 44 64 377 75.955 -7.045 2.992
*station.mars.or 209.81.9.7 2 u 10 64 377 75.477 -1.144 0.977
-www.broadbandja 64.34.180.101 3 u 56 64 377 72.764 3.766 0.977
+pxe.lax-noc.com 209.81.9.7 2 u 25 64 377 65.686 -7.753 2.539

If you see zeros for the values you know ntp is not connecting. As you can see above my setup is connecting.

Final thoughts

NTP is an easy way to ensure your servers or your desktop is always using the correct time. In mission-critical machines, this can be quite important. Employing NTP will give you the security of knowing your machine’s right “on time”.

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It is important that the computer time is correctly and the best way to make certain it is is to use a desktop atomic clock software that can sync the computer time with the time of the atomic clock. Users can find several atomic clock software programs out there. One that is working really well is Neutron, a 7 Kilobyte application that can sync the computer time with several Internet time servers.

The portable desktop atomic clock software is compatible to most versions and editions of Windows including Windows Vista and can be used to sync the computer time with just two mouse clicks.

After starting Neutron it displays the current system time. A click on Get Atomic Time will fetch the system time of the default Internet time server and display it in the program interface.

Clicking the synchronize button will sync the time of the Internet server with the system time. A click on the << symbol in the program interface opens the options which provide access to other Internet time servers which can be selected so that the system time is synced with them instead. It is also possible to set the option to run Neutron at computer start to sync the time whenever the computer is started.

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